Campylobacter spp. are associated most frequently with cases of

• A. Osteomyelitis
• B. Gastroenteritis
• C. Endocarditis
• D. Appendicitis

Answer: (B)

Campylobacter is most famous for causing gastrointestinal illness. The organism, particularly Campylobacter jejuni, is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. It typically infects the intestinal lining, producing inflammation that leads to diarrhea (often with cramps, fever, and sometimes blood), usually after a short incubation period of a couple of days. Transmission is commonly through ingestion of undercooked poultry, unpasteurized milk, or contaminated water.

While Campylobacter can rarely cause other infections, such as bloodstream involvement that might lead to osteomyelitis or endocarditis, these are uncommon compared with the frequent gastroenteritis it causes. Appendicitis is not a typical outcome of Campylobacter infection; gastroenteritis remains the classic and most frequent presentation.